http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2012/may/04/best-friend-died-ski-jumping-jt-holmes
An individual’s reaction to an exceptionally traumatic and stressful event ranges from a normative reaction to psychiatric disorders identifiable not only on the grounds of symptomology and course, but also on the basis of causative influence. An Acute stress reaction, Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or an Adjustment disorder are thought to arise always as a direct consequence of the acute stress or continued trauma. The time course of spontaneous recovery after a significantly traumatic experience varies considerably and individual vulnerability and coping capacity play a role in determining not only the severity, but also the occurrence of these disorders. They are maladaptive responses to severe or continued stress, which interfere with successful coping mechanisms and invariably lead to problems in personal, social and occupational functioning. Continue reading